Basic understanding of Earth Science

Geology/ Earth Science:

In ancient Greek language "GEO" means "EARTH" and "LOGIA" means "STUDY OF". So we can easily define now geology is the study of earth. It deals with origin, evolution, composition, structure, features and all processes of earth. 

Geology also deals with origin and evolution of life, ancient life and now. And detailed study on our planet.

Father of geology is James Hutton.

STUDY OF 
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EARTH

Branches of Geology: 

1) Physical Geology: This science  work on geologic events and materials occurring with time. In which including study of Earthquake, Volcanic activities, River, Wind, Glacier, Weathering,  Erosion etc.

VOLCANIC ERUPTION 

2) Petrology : petrology means study of rock, in which study of different kind of rocks and their composition, structure and origin also.

QUARTZ MINERAL 

3) Mineralogy: Mineralogy is the study of minerals composition, structure, origin. Mineral are basic unit of earth crust. 

4) Economic geology: This branch deals with economic valuable minerals, ore and fossil fuel.

5) Mining Geology: it is study of application of geology to mining for exploration and exploitation.

OPEN CAST MINE

6) Structure Geology: It deals with study of various types of structure of rocks.

7) Stratigraphy: It deals with descriptions, correlations, and classification of strata in rocks.

8) Palaeontology: This science deals with ancient life.

DINOSAUR'S FOSSIL 

9) Engineering Geology: This science include the application of geology to civil engineering work. Eg. Dam, tunnel, caverns etc.

UNDERGROUND METRO 

10) Hydrogeology: it is combination of hydrology and geology. It deals with groundwater and surface water studies.

11) Geochemistry: This science deals with chemical processes of earth.

GEOCHEMICAL REACTION

12) Geophysics: In this branch method of physics are applied to solve many geological problems.

13) Meteorology: it is deals with atmosphere. 

14) Oceanography: This is youngest geological science. It works on oceans. 

OCEAN BEHAVIOR WITH SUN

15) Historical geology: This branch deals with past history of Earth.